饮食性障碍Eating Disorder

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饮食性障碍Eating Disorder
关键词： 饮食性障碍、饮食症、暴饮暴食、致呕、导泻、停经、心率过慢、心理治疗、eating disorder、anorexia、bulimia、induce vomiting、laxative、amenorrhea、low heart rate、psychotherapy

什麽是饮食性障碍？ - D) _& L) L& K! e, Q4 q+ g( w# V饮食性障碍是一组以异常饮食，即饮食过少或一次性饮食过多，为特征的障碍。同时可能存在过度锻炼、致吐、或导泻等行为。临床上的饮食性障碍也是身体疾病，严重时会威胁到生命。这些障碍包括： · 厌食症 / D0 i6 J' V# j' e3 P1 ?. k! d9 ~* E! b· 暴食症 4 G' v7 y& ^% W3 B1 j· 贪食症 " d0 E7 A1 `3 j· 不可区分的饮食性障碍 诊断这些障碍有着严格的标准。所有的饮食性障碍都有着潜在的心理－社会的问题。 2 r/ F% i" L- D, M/ M* X 9 [: C  Y3 @: T   N3 H' y! ^2 u( t$ ?4 p饮食性障碍自检表： 0 K: s3 {$ t, }% y2 ` 请阅读下面的叙述： 9 |# g6 B6 C6 M: So 我总是想食物、体重、或者我看起来如何 0 m, z- I! V& }4 @- w( U- vo 我干任何事都想着食物和体重 $ S* G' }1 f, [5 Wo 我对自己吃的食物感到羞愧或内疚 1 @& Z! {, {: Oo 我偷偷地吃东西或者撒谎吃了什麽食物 o 我每天的计划都包括食物或者如何避开食物 o 为了避开食物我会过多地工作、锻炼或者和人在一起 o 我经常不加控制地饮食过多或过少 ( J( C8 g1 m! @o 我会通过导泻排除进食的食物或者只吃很少的食物 o 我每天都会量体重，我的情绪随着体重计的显示而改变 o 无论我的体格或体重如何，我总认为我身体的某些部分“不好看” o 我会计算所有食物或饮料的热量 * ~- l: v6 w' J. `o 我通过锻炼或少吃一些来惩罚自己的体重变化 o 我对保持一定体重有着严格标准 ! l: `, Y* ]9 L; `4 {* Go 我生病时也要锻炼 o 我为了减轻体重而锻炼， 或者因为吃太多而锻炼 ( X& ?# h+ w+ D) i4 r6 q1 io 我把食物分为“好食物”和“坏食物”，我的情绪根据吃了哪种食物而改变 / Q  W2 w2 l0 L) Z8 w* r5 c 这些叙述听起来熟悉吗？ " n) c; v" S: c( d 那记着和了解饮食性障碍的人谈谈。即使你现在还不想有任何改变，和人谈谈也会有帮助。心理治疗师可以帮助您选择不会伤害您身体和精神的行为。 / u6 S( V( R/ w如果您怀疑自己有饮食性障碍应怎麽办？ · 看心理医生做心理治疗和心理辅导 . B( `; c- q2 @6 U* U1 H· 看医生做医学评估或着让医生跟进自己的健康状况 & u& a' P9 d' v  Z) x0 u· 参加支持小组 : E) r! b9 V2 ]8 e$ |0 c ( e. `! r: d: G1 i ) c. z" i& j) q6 N: w4 V / w) G0 T8 g- h6 Y/ D ! d9 O, x1 e- m - |* k. m) }5 k5 T, F8 a

' |6 P9 e1 h; E$ {0 K8 D: p' g, [7 gWhat is eating disorder? 8 k' V7 ?" U/ S) YEating disorders are a group of disorders that characterized with abnormal eating, that is eating too little or eating too much at a time, accompanied by behaviours such as excessive exercise or vomit inducing, laxative using, etc. Clinical eating disorders are eating disorders that are recognized as medical conditions and may threat the like of patients in serious condition. These include: Anorexia nervosa Binge eating disorder Bulimia nervosa Eating Disorders Not Otherwise Specified (ED-NOS).   B' f/ k4 _3 s& R8 C - N. |3 h% @/ t  I2 U3 ]6 MThere are strict criteria to define these conditions. All eating disorders are expressions of underlying psycho-social problems. * {: N# W* A' a! J, m- ?5 s5 W' N0 a ' }" C; j$ y2 C/ `7 _4 MEating Disorder Self-Check 9 d) I& P2 k" p& W2 s; P) O Read the statements below: o I'm always thinking about food, weight or the way I look o I think about food and weight no matter what I'm doing o I'm ashamed or feel guilty about what I eat o I eat in secret or lie about what I have eaten o I plan my day around food or ways to avoid food o I work, exercise or see people too much toavoid eating o I often over-eat or under-eat and don't control it o I try to make up for eating by purging or eating very little o I weigh myself every day and my mood depends on the numbers o I obsess about parts of my body that are "wrong", no matter my size or how much I weigh o I count the calories of everything I eat or drink o I exercise or eat less to punish myself for how much I weigh o I am very strict about staying a certain weight o I exercise even if I feel sick o I exercise to lose weight, or because I ate too much o I call foods "good" and "bad" and feel good or bad depending on which I eat . k! z# I; e1 [$ U% _( {, o- f 3 J: _* T* V1 O2 }4 {Do these sound like you? Be sure to talk to someone who knows about eating disorders. Even if you don't want to change anything at this point in time, it helps to talk to someone. A psychotherapist can support you in choosing actions that won't hurt your body or mind. $ j/ p- o: e# r' L" ZWhat should you do if you suspect yourself having eating disorder & D, V: B: R) z2 ]! s  J · See a psychotherapist for psychotherapy and counseling · See your doctor to evaluate your condition and be followed up medically · Join support group / j% O7 [1 M% P0 Z1 V$ S 1 T5 U: t& t  J1 L( W